Guillaume Geefs (10 September 1805 – 19 January 1883
Life
Guillaume Geefs was born in
Antwerp, Belgium, the eldest of six brothers in a family of sculptors, the best-known of whom are
Joseph Geefs (1808–1885, winner of the Prix de Rome in 1836) and Jean Geefs (1825–1860, and winner of the prize in 1846). Guillaume first studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts Antwerp under the late–Flemish Baroque sculptor Jan Frans van Geel and his son, Jan Lodewijk van Geel, who was also a sculptor.
["Jan Frans van Geel", Art Encyclopedia.] He completed his training under Jean-Etienne Ramey at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and began exhibiting his work in 1828.
In 1829, Geefs traveled to Italy. When he returned to Antwerp, he began teaching at the art academy. During the 1830s, he executed the colossal work Victims of the Revolution at Brussels, as well as numerous and busts. In 1836, he married Isabelle Marie Françoise Corr, a Brussels-born painter of Irish descent known professionally as Fanny Geefs.["Geefs, Guillaume (1805–1883)", Philatelia.net.] In the mid-19th century, the sculptor Guillaume-Joseph Charlier was an assistant to him and his brother Joseph.["Charlier, Guillaume(-Joseph)", ArtNet based on the Grove Dictionary of Art.]
The Geefs family played a leading role in the craze for public sculpture that followed Belgian independence in the 1830s,["Sculpture et des arts décoratifs du XVIe au début du XXe siècle", LowCountriesSculpture.org. ] producing several propagandistic monuments that emphasized a "historical continuity of the southern Low Countries in the new independent state".[Léon E. Lock, LowCountriesSculpture.org. "A brief history of the sculpture in the present-day Netherlands and Belgium" ]
Honours
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1875 : Officer in the Order of Leopold.
[Almanach royal officiel: 1875, p. 20]
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1881 : Grand Officer in the Order of Leopold.
[Handelsblad (Het) 15-05-1881]
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Knight of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa.
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Knight of the Order of Saint Michael.
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Member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium.
As an artist
Geefs' early work has been characterized as "predominately elegiac in mood". By the end of the 1830s, however, he developed a powerful, spare realism in monumental works such as
General Belliard and
Frédéric de Mérode (erected in Brussels, 1836–37) and
Peter Paul Rubens (
Antwerp, 1841).
["Geefs, Guillaume (1805–1883)", Philatelia.net .] He was prolific in producing tombs, pulpits, statues, busts, and sculpture groups.
[ catalogue. Charles Flint Art & Antiques]
Works
The works of Guillaume Geefs include:
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Epitaphe of count Jacques Coghen, Belgian Minister of Finance (1831–1832), in Laeken Cemetery
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Epitaphe of and Marie-Joseph d'Ognyes; in the in Brussels
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Frédéric de Mérode (1833/1837), tomb monument, "noted for its naturalness and lack of idealization"
[A brief history of the sculpture
]
in the present-day Netherlands and Belgium
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General Belliard (1838), on the Rue Baron Horta in Brussels; more than life-size
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Monument to the Martyrs of the 1830 Revolution (1836–38), an allegory monument commemorating the victims of the Belgian Revolution, on the Place des Martyrs/Martelaarsplein in Brussels
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Leopold I, considered one of the most important works of public art in Belgium in the 19th century;
[Pierre Henrion, "La Commission des Arts de la Région wallonne," Les echos du patrimoine. ] a stamp issued in 1981 commemorates this statue; it may be viewed online[ Stamp imagephilatelia.ru ]
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Treurende Adonis (1839), white marble of Adonis in mourning
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A small sculpture of a young sleeping angel, privately held and not authenticated (but signed by the artist), found in 1993 in an abandoned house in Brussels
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Grétry (1842), bronze statue of the composer, in front of the opera house in Liège
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Le génie du mal, a Lucifer in white marble for the Cathedral of St. Paul in Liège
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Charlemagne (1843), statue in the Basilica of Saint Servatius in Maastricht
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Cenotaph of Saint Hubert of Liège, Basilica of Saint-Hubert (1847)
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The Roman Gladiator, located opposite the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum in San Francisco, to mark the ground-breaking for the 1894 Mid-Winter Exposition
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Le lion amoreux or The Amorous Lion (1851), marble, in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
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Gardel Memorial (1864), a 25-foot pyramid memorial in Mount Vernon Cemetery in Philadelphia, with statues depicting Africa, Asia, Europe, Hope and Faith
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A statue of Isabelle Brunelle (1872) in the garden of the almshouse that she founded in Namur.
File:Belgique - Basilique de Saint-Hubert - 02.jpg|Cenotaph of Saint Hubert of Liège, Basilica of Saint-Hubert (1847)
File:Lucifer Liege Luc Viatour.jpg| Le génie du mal, Liège (1848)
File:Gardel Memorial, Mt. Vernon cemetery, Philadelphia, Pa, from Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views.jpg|Gardel Memorial in Mount Vernon Cemetery, Philadelphia (1864)
Assessment
In his lifetime, Geefs' work was considered by some to be marred by "frivolous and inessential" details and "poverty of thought", together with a perceived frigidity of expression in his modelling.
He is now regarded as the dominant Belgian sculptor of his time.
External links
